Named after the old village of Lankwitz, whose Slavic name means 'place by the riverside meadow'.
The name goes back to Old Slavic Lankowice, 'place by the riverside meadow'. First documented in 1239, Lankwitz has the oldest surviving record of any village in today's Berlin. The station opened on 1 December 1895 as Lankwitz-Viktoriastraße and was renamed Lankwitz on 30 September 1899.