Named after Schillingstraße, which honours the merchant Philipp Andreas Schilling.
Schilling (c. 1650–1714) was a Berlin merchant whose family owned land in the area. Until 1858 the street was a lane, the Schillingsgasse; it was upgraded to a street after it had been widened and improved. The station under Karl-Marx-Allee, at the point where the Schillingstraße joins it, opened in 1930.