'Osterley' probably means the clearing with a sheepfold.
The place was first noted in 1274, and the name is derived from Old English words meaning 'sheepfold clearing'; another reading is 'hillock'. The first station, opened in 1883 on Thornbury Road, was called Osterley & Spring Grove. In 1934 it was replaced by today's Osterley station, about 300 metres to the west beside the new Great West Road.