Named after the boulevard and rue de Courcelles, after the hamlet of Courcelles.
The rue de Courcelles was the road straight to the hamlet, part of the parish of Clichy, which was absorbed by Levallois-Perret in 1866; one stretch, until then the rue de Villiers, took the hamlet's name in 1769. It crossed the Wall of the Farmers-General at the barrière de Courcelles, a gate that stood where the station is now.