Named after the municipality of Neuenhagen bei Berlin.
Neuenhagen was founded around 1230 as a village of German settlers on the Barnim; its narrow early Gothic fieldstone church dates from that time. It is first recorded in 1375, as ‘Nyenhove’, in the Landbuch of the Mark Brandenburg. Around 1900 training tracks were laid out here for racehorses kept in Hoppegarten and Neuenhagen. The station opened in 1867.