Named after the neighbouring Märkisches Museum, the main house of the Stadtmuseum Berlin.
The museum was founded in 1874 as the Märkisches Provinzialmuseum; its collections traced the history of the Mark Brandenburg (‘märkisch’). The station opened in 1913 as Inselbrücke and took the museum’s name in 1935, at the initiative of the museum’s director, Walter Stengel.