Named after the church of Saint-Philippe-du-Roule, dedicated to the apostle Philip.
The church, built at the end of the 18th century, replaced a chapel of Saints James and Philip belonging to a leper house, probably founded by workers of the Mint. Le Roule was a small village, called Romiliacum by the chronicler Fredegar and Rolus in the 12th century, which was joined to Paris in 1722.