Named after the Zitadelle Spandau, the Renaissance fortress nearby.
The citadel was built in 1559–1594 around a medieval castle; its Juliusturm, a tower 30 metres high, is a landmark of Spandau. During planning the station was called Am Juliusturm, after the street above it. Because its interior design alludes to the nearby fortress, it was named Zitadelle instead. It opened on 1 October 1984.