‘Landstraße’ means the public road through the country.
The suburb was first recorded in 1302 as ‘Lantstrazz’; in Middle High German ‘lantstrazze’ meant a public road through the land. Its main street, already a busy army and country road in the early 12th century, goes back to a Roman road. The station, long called Hauptzollamt, was renamed Landstraße in January 1962; the railway station next door later became Wien Mitte.